Boncayao was an official of the Community Party of the Philippines and the New People's Army. She was promised medical treatment if she cooperated with them, but she refused. In 1976, she was wounded in an armed encounter with constabulary soldiers. She was captured, and was able to escape a year later. She was one of the 63 student leaders who were charged with subversion. Barros was a university teacher who published poetry and essays, and later became involved with political activism after exposure to problems in rural areas. ‘Lorrie’ Barros founded the all-women Makibaka (Malayang Kilusan ng Bagong Kababaihan) and became its first chairperson. On August 21, 1983, Aquino was assassinated on the tarmac of Manila International Airport. ![]() In 1982, he was murdered, claiming he died during an encounter with constabulary soldiers. He was arrested on charges of subversion and illegal possession of firearms, and later released due to Pope John Paul II's visit. He took up the cause of the farmers and began to support the fight against the dictatorial regime. He served as the chaplain of the Federation of Free Farmers, helping organize cooperatives, raising awareness about land reform and campaigned for the reduction of land rent. Agatep was a seminarian in Northern Luzon. See also: Religious sector resistance against the Marcos dictatorship Many of the ‘salvaged’ bodies dumped in public view bore intense torture marks, instilling fear about what happens to those who oppose the Marcos regime. Torture methods were used by the military to threaten, interrogate, or simply hurt detainees, as most of them released without being charged of anything. Ramon Mitra were detained and tortured with solitary confinement. Even dissenters from high-level government officers, such as Sen. Various torture methods had physical, psychological, and sexual natures, many of them meant to degrade the victim. Rodolfo Aguinaldo were allegedly trained by CIA operatives in the United States. Young officers, some of them freshly graduated from the military academy, participated in the torture of political dissidents, suspected communists. Torture was instrumental in the Martial Law rule. See also: List of torture methods used by the Marcos dictatorship Because of the lack of prior investigation, military men could insert names in the list of people to be arrested. Arrest, Search and Seizure Orders (ASSO) did not undergo its usual bureaucratic process and at times were merely lists of people to be arrested. Victims were raided and arrested in their own homes without warrants, and illegally detained without charges or clear information about the status of their case. Those who were captured were referred to as "political detainees," rather than "political prisoners," with the technical definitions of the former being vague enough that the Marcos administration could continue to hold them in detention without having to be charged. This included students, opposition politicians, journalists, academics, and even religious workers, aside from known activists. ![]() The implementation of Martial Law in September 1972 began with a wave of arrests, targeting anyone who opposed Marcos. Some 2,520 of the 3,257 murder victims were tortured and mutilated before their bodies were dumped in various places for the public to discover - a tactic meant to sow fear among the public, which came to be known as "salvaging." Some victims were even subjected to cannibalism. Based on the documentation of Amnesty International, Task Force Detainees of the Philippines, and similar human rights monitoring entities, historians believe that the Marcos dictatorship was marked by 3,257 known extrajudicial killings, 35,000 documented tortures, 77 ' disappeared', and 70,000 incarcerations. Marcos in the 1970s and 1980s is historically remembered for its record of human rights abuses, particularly targeting political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship. The dictatorship of Philippine President Ferdinand E. Nationwide repression in the Philippines from 1965–1986
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